Development of a Realtime Energy Management System for Electric Vehicles

As the population of India is increasing, the demand for adequate transportation facilities has also increased exponentially. To cater to such a huge market, Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles are predominantly produced and being purchased by people. ICE vehicles are creating pollution which is directly or indirectly affecting the environment and health of all living beings on earth. ICE vehicles emit pollutants which are not only causing diseases but also reducing the life expectancy of humans. The phenomenon of climate change is impacting the world and according to UN climate change report India will experience extreme weather events in the 21st century.

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are coming out as a suitable substitute to ICE vehicles to protect environment and human race. But the development of commercial EV has not been accelerated enough. There may be many reasons for it such as lack of infrastructure i.e. charging points in India, reluctance of Indian population towards a new technology, improper roads conditions, economic aspect and mindset of people etc. 

There is a lot of scope of research in working and economics of EV in terms of populated countries like India or other Asian countries. The previous studies investigated different aspects of EV such as economic aspect, optimisation of EV size, Energy Management System (EMS) etc. However, these researches were conducted on typical drive cycles without taking the practical conditions prevailing in these countries into consideration. In order to minimise the impact on environment, the most populated countries should be the target and work should focus on shifting the population of these countries towards healthy choice for future.

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In India, the road condition such as slope is varying after every 10m. For efficient working of vehicle these conditions play an important role. The previous studies focussed on the energy management system of EV for enhancing the life cycle of batteries considering the factors such as State of Charge (SOC) of Supercapacitor (SC), SOC of battery, power consumed by sources etc but neglected the conditions of roads.

These factors motivated me to design a controller which can efficiently distribute energy and power among different sources in EV so that the life of EV is increased which in turn propel the people to purchase EV in the near future. The study will be based on conditions of Asian countries such as road conditions, economic conditions and general mindset of people. This research can be further implemented in real time EV or in industries producing EV on market scale.